What does the Affective Filter Hypothesis suggest is essential for language learning?

The Affective Filter Hypothesis, developed by Stephen Krashen, posits that emotional factors significantly influence the process of language acquisition. It emphasizes the importance of a learner's emotional state, suggesting that factors such as motivation, self-confidence, and anxiety can act as filters that affect language learning.

A relaxed, motivated, and self-confident learner is better positioned to absorb new information and engage with the language effectively. High levels of anxiety or a lack of motivation can create an "affective filter" that hinders learning, making it difficult for the individual to process and utilize new language skills. By fostering an environment where learners feel comfortable and encouraged, their capacity to acquire language increases, as they are more likely to take risks and participate actively in the learning process.

This perspective aligns with best practices in teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages, where creating a supportive and motivating environment is crucial for success.